安徽安庆地区40岁以上人群脑卒中高危因素及对高危人群的干预

High-risk factors of stroke in people over 40 years old in Anqing area and intervention for high-risk population

目的探讨安庆地区脑卒中高危因素,并分析规范治疗对脑卒中高危人群进行干预的价值。方法对安庆地区40岁以上常住人口进行脑卒中高危人群问卷初筛,共调查3062人;对脑卒中高危人群进行体格检查,其体格检查内容包括体格检查、实验室检查指标及颈动脉彩超检查;调查脑卒中高危人群是否接受规范化的对症治疗和预防方案干预。结果安庆地区脑卒中高危因素中高血压病或正服用降压药占比最高,其次为吸烟和很少体育运动;接受规范治疗的脑卒中高危人群的体重指数、血压、血清总胆固醇(TC,total cholesterol)、甘油三酯(TG,Triglyceride)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL,Low Density Lipoprotein)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL,high-density lipoprotein)、同型半胱氨酸(HYC,Homocysteine)、葡萄糖(GLU,glucose)、内膜增厚、斑块和颈动脉狭窄异常率明显低于未接受规范治疗组,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);规范治疗是影响脑卒中高危人群体重指数、血压、TC、TG、LDL、HDL、HYC、GLU、内膜增厚、斑块和颈动脉狭窄发生的独立性影响因素(P<0.05)。结论安庆地区脑卒中高危因素中以高血压占比最高,采取规范化的对症治疗可起到积极预防的目的。

Objective To investigate the high-risk factors of stroke in Anqing area,and to analyze the value of standard treatment for the intervention of high-risk population for stroke.Methods A total of 3062 permanent residents over 40 years of age in Anqing were surveyed by a questionnaire for the high-risk population of stroke.Physical examination was carried out for people at a high risk of stroke.The physical examination included general physical examination,laboratory tests,and carotid artery color Doppler ultrasound examination.People at a high risk of stroke were investigated on whether or not they received standardized symptomatic treatment and prevention interventions.Results Hypertension or taking antihypertensive drugs accounted for the highest risk factors of stroke in Anqing area,followed by smoking and seldom physical exercise.The abnormal rates of body mass index,blood pressure,contents of total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low-density lipoprotein(LDL),high-density lipoprotein(HDL),homocysteine(HYC),and blood glucose(GLU),as well as intimal thickening,plaque and carotid artery stenosis in people at high risk of stroke receiving standardized treatment were significantly lower than those in people receiving no standardized treatment,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The standard treatment was an independent factor influencing the body mass index,blood pressure,TC,TG,LDL,HDL,HYC,GLU,intimal thickening,plaque and carotid artery stenosis(P<0.05).Conclusion Hypertension accounted for the highest proportion of high-risk factors for stroke in Anqing area.Standardized symptomatic treatment can effectively control the physical indicators,laboratory test indicators and carotid artery state of stroke high-risk populations,which can play a positive role in the prevention of stroke.