先秦两汉婚姻爱情诗中女性形象的嬗变

The Evolution of Female Images in Marriage and Love Poems of Pre-Qin and Han Dynasties

先秦两汉是中国文学的源头和发轫期,从《诗经》《汉乐府》到《古诗十九首》都有不少描写男女爱情婚姻的诗篇,而这些诗篇中所描写的女性形象随着时代和文学的发展呈现出了一定的变化趋势,即从大胆独立到妥协忠贞,从男女双向互动到女性单向相思,从形象自然真实到典型模糊的变化。这些变化趋势与社会思想对女性的束缚、女性在经济和社会中地位的下降以及文人参与诗篇创作等方面都有密切关系。

The pre-Qin and Han dynasties are the source and origin of Chinese literature. From The Book of Odes to Han Yuefu and to the Nineteen Ancient Poems,there are many poems about love and marriage. The female images described in these poems show a certain trend with the development of times and literature, that is,from bold independence to loyalty,from two-way interaction between men and women to one-way lovesickness of women,from natural reality to typical ambiguity. These trends are closely related to the bondage of social thought to women,the decline of women’s status in economy and society,and the participation of literati in poetry creation.