刘勰“为文用心”之纲要

Essentials of Liu Xie's"Dedicated to Writing"

刘勰论“为文用心”有诸多要求,其纲要可概括为三条:虚静、养气、率情循理。虚静,清除私心、欲求,如明镜照物般照知事物之理,顺素朴之心发自然之信情。养气,存守生命之气,勿使耗费过度而致“神疲气衰”,气盛则情志充实、思理敏锐。率情循理,以虚静之心顺任信情正理,则文之体得以立、文之势得以成,而言辞文采随之。此三条纲要皆归旨于文之情理,信情正理皆合于道而为道之一端。故此三条纲要亦皆通向形上之道,是“文以载道”为文宗旨之贯彻。

Essentials of Liu Xie's"Dedicated to Writing"can be summarized into three points:calm and peaceful,nourished and energetic,emotional and reasonable.Be calm and peaceful needs to remain a simple heart to illuminate the truth like a mirror by clearing selfishness and desires;be nourished and energetic needs to remain health by keeping Qi(spirit)from excessive consumption.If the Qi is strong,the emotions will be full and the thinking will be sharp;be emotional and reasonable needs to follow rationality with an empty and quiet mind,then the style of writing can be established,and literary skills will follow.These three essentials are all attributed to the sentiment and reason of writing,and are all in line with the Tao,which lead to the metaphysical way of conveying truth for moral instruction.