公共政策执行视角下的对口援藏政策效能——基于昌都和林芝两地的比较分析

The Study on the Effectiveness of the Policy for Partnership Assistance Tibet with the View of Public Policy Implementation:A Comparative Analysis Between Changdu and Linzhi Districts

公共政策从中央逐步落实到地方,往往经历政策细化和政策再制定的诸多环节。已有研究提供了政府权威与行动、政策执行网络的分析路径,本文基于西藏自治区昌都市与林芝市两地在2001-2018年间对口援藏政策执行效能的差异,提出政治势能和政策执行网络相组合的解释框架。2001-2010年弱政治势能条件下,政策执行效能方面林芝先行、昌都滞后;2014-2018年强政治势能条件下,原有政策执行网络结构发生一定变化,昌都政策执行进展迅速,林芝稍显迟滞。因而,政治势能既深刻地影响对口援藏政策执行进度和质量,又影响政策执行网络中各行动主体的行动,最终使得相同或相似的政策执行网络结构在不同政治势能条件下呈现一定的差异性。深入研究政策执行中的各种影响因素,对于提升援藏政策执行效能具有重要价值。

The implementation of public policy from the central to the local level often goes through many steps of policy refinement and policy reformulation.Existing research has provided the analysis perspectives of government authority and action,and policy implementation network.Based on the large differences of results of the implementation of partnership assistance policies to Tibet Autonomous Region between Changdu and Linzhi districts from 2001 to 2018,this paper proposes a combined analytic framework of political potential energy and policy implementation network.Under the conditions of weaker political potential energy between 2001 and 2010,Linzhi took the lead in policy implementation efficiency and Changdu slightly lagged behind.In contrast,under the conditions of stronger political potiential energy between 2014 and 2018,the nature of the existing policy implementation network structure changed.Changdu’s policy implementation progressed rapidly;however Linzhi was slightly delayed.Therefore,political potential energy from the CCP not only profoundly affects the progress and quality of the implementation of the counterpart assistance policies to Tibet,but also affects the actions of various actors in the policy implementation network,and ultimately makes the same or similar policy implementation network structure implemented differently under different levels of political potential energy.This article also enlightens that through in-depth study of various factors in the policy implementation process,it is of great value to enhance the effectiveness of the implementation of partnership assistance policies to Tibet.