区位效应对农户耕地撂荒行为的影响及异质性研究——基于4省529户农户调查的实证分析

The Impact and Heterogeneity of Location Effects on Farmers’ Farmland Abandonment Behavior——An Empirical Analysis Based on Questionnaires from 529 Householders in 4 Provinces

本文基于4省529户农户的微观调研数据,运用Probit和Tobit模型重点探究了区位效应对农户耕地撂荒行为的影响及其地形异质性。结果表明:区位效应对农户耕地撂荒行为有显著影响,偏远地区农户更倾向于保留耕地,城郊地区农户的撂荒面积相对更大;城镇距离和道路距离缩短使得农户撂荒可能性及耕地撂荒面积显著增加;区位效应对不同地形区农户耕地撂荒行为的影响具有异质性,在高原和山地最为显著,丘陵和中低山区农户耕地撂荒行为主要受道路距离影响。鉴于此,应健全完善城郊和交通便利区域耕地资源保护制度体系;夯实弱势区域低质耕地基础设施条件保障;因地制宜推进区域农业结构调整,提质增效;推动以新型农业经营主体为龙头的适度规模经营,多措并举,有效减少耕地撂荒,夯实"藏粮于地"战略基础。

Based on the micro-research data of 529 farmers in 4 provinces of China,this paper examines the impact of location effect on farmland abandonment of farm households and the terrain heterogeneity of location impact.Through the regression results of Probit and Tobit models,we found that location effects have a significant impact on farmers’farmland abandonment behavior and land abandonment in remote areas are more serious.The reduction of urban distance and road distance significantly increases both farmers’land abandonment possibility and their abandonment area;location effect has heterogeneity on its impact of farmland abandonment behaviors among different terrain areas,the impact is most significant in plateaus and mountains,and mainly reflected in road distance factor in hills and middle-low mountainous areas,but not significant in plains and shallow hills.According to the different regional resource endowment and the characteristics of cultivated areas,various measures should be taken to effectively reduce the farmland abandonment and to consolidate the strategic foundation of"storing grain in the land".