地下滴灌深播小麦出苗及生长状况研究

Study on Seedling Emergence and Growth Status of Deep Sowing Wheat under Subsurface Drip Irrigation

为分析地下滴灌深播小麦出苗状况以及探究其对小麦生长发育的影响,采用播种深度、毛管埋深、灌水定额及灌水次数4因素3水平的正交试验,分析地下滴灌深播小麦出苗及生长的变化情况。结果表明:地下滴灌各处理中播种深度10 cm出苗率更高。播种深度10 cm处理相比15 cm及20 cm处理的小麦株高更高。地下滴灌与CK处理小麦株高和叶绿素含量变化趋势基本一致。地下滴灌不同播种深度处理间叶绿素含量差异不大,且与地表滴灌CK处理相比差异不显著(P>0.05)。CK处理与地下滴灌条件下播种深度10 cm处理小麦株高的变化无显著差异(P>0.05),与播深15 cm、20 cm处理株高变化差异显著(P<0.05)。地下滴灌播种深度较大的影响了小麦株高。通过正交试验直观分析表明影响深播小麦出苗率的因素主次顺序为:播种深度>灌水次数>灌水定额>毛管埋深。播种深度较大程度的影响出苗率,深度加深出苗率有所下降。同时,通过试验认为地下滴灌可为深播种小麦提供出苗水分,但仍需选择耐深播小麦品种对地下滴灌小麦播深参数进行优化。

In order to analyze the emergence of subsurface drip irrigation and deep sowing wheat and explore its influence on the growth and development of wheat,an orthogonal test of four factors and three levels of planting depth,buried depth of pipe,irrigation quota and irrigation frequency was used to analyze the effects of deep sowing under subsurface drip irrigation on the emergence and growth of wheat influences.The results showed that the seedling emergence rate was higher in the subsurface drip irrigation with a seeding depth of 10cm.The plant height of the wheat treated with a sowing depth of 10cm was higher than that of the 15 cm and 20 cm treatments.The subsurface drip irrigation and the CK treatment wheat plant height and chlorophyll content change trends were basically the same.There was little difference in chlorophyll content between different seeding depth treatments under subsurface drip irrigation,and there was no significant difference compared with CK(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the change of plant height of wheat under the conditions of CK and subsurface drip irrigation with a seeding depth of 10cm(P>0.05),while a significant difference with the plant height of the seeding depth of 15 cm and 20 cm(P<0.05).The sowing depth of subsurface drip irrigation greatly affected the height of wheat.Orthogonal test visual analysis showed that the primary and secondary order of factors affecting wheat emergence was:sowing depth>irrigation times>irrigation quota>pipeline depth.The seeding depth greatly affected the emergence rate.And the deeper the depth,the emergence rate decreases.At the same time,through experiments,it is believed that subsurface drip irrigation can provide water for emergence of deep-seed wheat,but it is still necessary to select deep-seed-resistant wheat varieties to optimize the subsurface drip irrigated wheat seeding depth parameters.