着装人体局部热舒适性研究与发展现状

Research and development of local thermal comfort of human body under clothing conditions

为进一步丰富和发展着装人体局部热舒适性的研究方法及手段,文章通过回顾服装热舒适性研究的发展历程,阐述了服装局部热传递的机理,从物理学、生理学和心理学角度出发,综述了着装人体局部热舒适性常见的主、客观评价方法,并详细论述了人体、服装、外界环境和衣下空气层这四大因素对着装人体局部热舒适性的影响情况,最后提出了修正局部动态热阻公式将有利于完善着装人体局部热舒适性的评价,增加对衣下非均匀空气层的研究对着装人体局部热舒适性具有重要意义,研制适用于局部热舒适性测试的新型服装微气候仪将会具有良好的发展前景。

In order to further enrich and develop the research methods and means of the local thermal comfort of human body wearing clothing,this paper reviews the development process of the research on thermal comfort of clothing,expounds the mechanism of local heat transfer of clothing,and summarizes the common subjective and objective evaluation methods of local thermal comfort of human body wearing clothing from the perspectives of physics,physiology and psychology.Besides,the influence of four factors(human body,clothing,external environment and air layer under clothing)on the local thermal comfort of human body waring clothing is discussed in detail.Finally,this paper proposes to modify the local dynamic thermal resistance formula so as to improve the evaluation of local thermal comfort.It is of great significance to increase the research on the non-uniform air layer under clothing for the local thermal comfort.It will have a good prospect to develop a new garment microclimate instrument suitable for local thermal comfort testing.