护士工作场所暴力氛围感知评价指标的构建及信效度检验

Construction and reliability and validity test of nurses′workplace violence perception evaluation index

[目的]构建护士工作场所暴力氛围感知的评价指标,并检验其信效度。[方法]以安全氛围及暴力氛围感知结构理论模型为依据,进行文献检索,初步确立护士工作场所暴力氛围感知量表维度的框架;通过德尔菲专家咨询、专家访谈形成护士工作场所暴力氛围感知初始量表;运用离散趋势法、区分度法、相关系数法、克朗巴哈系数法和因子分析法进行条目筛选及信效度检验,形成护士工作场所暴力氛围感知的评价指标。[结果]护士工作场所暴力氛围感知评价指标包括3个维度共28个条目。量表总Cronbach′sα系数为0.984,各维度Cronbach′sα系数均达到0.950以上;经探索性因子分析,萃取3个公因子,累积方差贡献率为76.009%;经验证性因子分析,3个维度与模型拟合较好(卡方自由度比为2.991,均方根残差为0.044,调整拟合优度指数为0.776,比较拟合指数为0.942,规准适配指数为0.916,增值拟合指数为0.942,近似误差均方根为0.079)。[结论]护士工作场所暴力氛围感知评价指标具有良好的信效度,可作为护士工作场所暴力氛围感知的评价工具。

Objective:To construct an evaluation index for nurses′perception of violence in the workplace,and to test its reliability and validity.Methods:Based on the theoretical model of the perception structure of a safe atmosphere and violent atmosphere,literature retrieval was conducted to initially establish the dimension framework of the nurse workplace violence perception scale.The initial scale of nurses′perception of the violent atmosphere in the workplace was formed through the Delphi expert consultation and expert interviews.The items were screened and the reliability and validity were tested by the discrete trend method,discrimination method,correlation coefficient method,Cronbach′s coefficient method,and factor analysis method to form an evaluation index for nurses′perception of violence in the workplace.Results:The evaluation index of nurses′perception of the violent atmosphere in the workplace included 28 items in 3 dimensions.The total Cronbach′sαcoefficient of the scale was 0.984,and the Cronbach′sαcoefficients of all dimensions were above 0.950.After the exploratory factor analysis,3 common factors were extracted,and the cumulative variance contribution rate was76.009%.After confirmatory factor analysis,3 dimensions fit well with the model(the ratio of chi-square degrees of freedom was 2.991,the root mean square residual was 0.044,the adjusted goodness of fit index was 0.776,the comparative fit index was 0.942,the standardfit index was 0.916,and the value-added fitting index was 0.942,and the root mean square of the approximate error was 0.079).Conclusions:The evaluation index of nurses′perception of violence in the workplace had good reliability and validity,which could be used as an evaluation tool for nurses′perception of violence in the workplace.