好意搭乘的定性分析和侵权责任承担

Qualitative Analysis and Tort Liability of Good Intention Riding

好意搭乘的无偿性、不受法律拘束、双方合意性等特质,决定好意搭乘为典型的纯粹情谊行为,非法律行为和事实行为。好意搭乘交通事故为侵权行为,供乘者违反安全保障注意义务并造成搭乘者损害时,供乘者应承担过错责任,并就其一般过失对搭乘者承担责任。好意搭乘侵权责任可减轻,减轻依据为搭乘者有过失及诚实信用、公平原则。若供乘者和第三人共同侵权时,搭乘者有过失之减责效果及于双方应承担的连带责任。

The characteristics of good intention riding,such as free of charge,free from legal constraints and mutual agreement,determine that good intention riding is a typical pure friendship behavior,not a legal behavior and a factual behavior.If the passenger violates the duty of care for safety and security and causes damage to the passenger,the passenger shall be liable for the fault and the general fault of the passenger.The tort liability of good intention riding can be reduced on the basis of the fault of passengers and the principle of honesty,credit and fairness.If the passenger and the third party jointly infringe on the rights,the effect of reducing the liability of the passenger’s fault is more than the joint liability of both parties.