饲喂不同教槽料对断奶前羔羊生长性能和体成分的影响

Effects of feeding different creep feed on growth performance and body composition of lambs before weaning

文章旨在对比商品教槽料、高蛋白教槽料及其混合饲喂对断奶前羔羊生长性能和体成分的影响。试验选择60只新生羔羊,随机分为3组,每组5个重复,每个重复4头。各组羔羊在产后24 h(吮吸初乳后)分别饲喂商品教槽料(粗蛋白质水平为24%)、高蛋白教槽料(粗蛋白质水平为47.88%)及两种教槽料按照1∶1混合(粗蛋白质水平为35.94%)。结果发现,高蛋白教槽料和混合料组羔羊日增重较商品教槽料组分别提高了10.17%和13.56%。高蛋白教槽料组乳蛋白和总蛋白摄入量较其他两组分别提高34.14%、36.79%和22.12%、18.96%(P<0.05)。商品教槽料组小肠重量较高蛋白教槽料组显著提高21.17%(P<0.05),而高蛋白教槽料组胃内容物重量较其他两组分别显著提高22.35%和28.98%(P<0.05),但网膜脂肪重量较其他两组分别显著降低39.51%和32.86%(P<0.05)。高蛋白教槽料组胴体、热胴体、内脏+血液以及空内脏+血液脂肪含量最低(P<0.05),同时高蛋白教槽料组胴体、内脏+血液以及胴体+内脏+血液脂肪沉积率最低(P<0.05),但混合料组胴体、内脏+血液以及胴体+内脏+血液干物质沉积量最高(P<0.05)。结论:本试验结果表明,在人工饲养条件下,通过选择最佳的粗蛋白质与能量比值的教槽料可以改善羔羊的生长性能,降低胴体脂肪沉积。

The purpose of this experiment was to compare the effects of commercial creep feed,high protein creep feed and their mixed feeding on growth performance and body composition of lambs before weaning.60 newborn lambs were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups with 5 replicates in each group and 4 heads in each repetition.After 24 h postpartum(after sucking colostrum),the lambs in each group were fed commercial milk replacers(crude protein level was 24%),high^protein milk replacers(crude protein level was 47.88%)and the two creep feed were mixed at 1:1(crude protein level was 35.94%).The results showed that the daily weight gain of lambs in the high protein creep feed group and the mixture group increased by 10.17%and 13.56%respectively compared with that in the commercial creep feed group.Compared with the other two groups,the milk protein and total protein intake of the high-protein creep feed group increased by 34.14%,36.79%,22.12%and 18.96%,respectively(P<0.05).Compared with the other two groups,the weight of gastric contents in the commercial creep feed group increased by 22.17%(P<0.05),while that in the high protein milk replacer group increased by 22.35%and 28.98%(P<0.05),but the weight of omentum fat decreased by 39.51%and 32.86%(P<0.05).The internal organs,empty blood and guts and blood fat content and fat deposition rate of high protein milk replacer group were the lowest(P<0.05).Conclusion:the results of this experiment show that the growth performance of lambs can be improved and the carcass fat deposition can be reduced by selecting the best ratio of crude protein to energy in creep feed.