基于林区居民生活满意度的天保工程二期政策效果评估

Evaluation on the Policy Effect of the Second Phase of Natural Forest Protection Project Based on the Life Satisfaction of Forest Residents

基于2017—2019年东北、内蒙古重点国有林区民生监测调查数据,从居民生计、生活状况、社会保障、住房环境、公共服务5个方面分析林区居民生活满意度,从而评价天保工程二期的政策效果。结果表明:东北、内蒙古重点国有林区在天保工程二期实施过程中,居民生计满意度有待提高,生活水平应继续提升,社会保障实施情况较好,住房环境逐步完善,公共服务水平有待提升。因此,提出以产业发展带动就业增加收入、解决民生领域瓶颈问题、持续提升林区社会保障质量、建设民生导向的林区服务型政府等政策建议。

⑴Background——Under the background of the implementation of the second phase of the Natural forest protection project,based on the life satisfaction of the residents in the forest areas,the policy effect of the second phase of the Natural protection project is evaluated,and the corresponding suggestions are put forward.⑵Methods——The data of this article mainly come from the survey data of the research group of“Monitoring of people's livelihood in key State-owned Forest areas”of Northeast Forestry University.And the proportion formula and percentage method are used to process the data.This paper uses the survey data of people's livelihood monitoring in key state-owned forest areas of Northeast China and Inner Mongolia from 2017 to 2019.This paper analyzes the life satisfaction of forest residents from five aspects;livelihood,living condition,social security,housing environment and public service,so as to evaluate the policy effect of the second phase of Natural forest protection project.⑶Results——Through the analysis,it is found that the key state-owned forest areas in Northeast China and Inner Mongolia have achieved certain results in the implementation of the second phase of the natural forest protection project,but there are still some problems to be solved.In terms of livelihood,livelihood satisfaction of residents needs to be improved,and increasing income is the key to maintain stable economic growth in forest areas.In terms of living conditions,living standards should continue to improve.In 2019,there was an increase of 18.62%compared with 2017 for the middle-income group.The income group continues to expand and is full of confidence in the future.In terms of social security,the implementation of social security is relatively good.In social security satisfaction,the proportion of satisfied and very satisfied is higher than that of dissatisfaction and dissatisfaction.Social security has improved the life satisfaction of residents in forest areas,but it is still necessary to continue to improve the quality of social security.In terms of housing environment,the problem of housing shortage has basically been solved,and the housing environment should be gradually improved.In terms of public services,the satisfaction rate of administrative services decreased by 4.43%in 2019 compared with 2018,and the level of public services still needs to be improved.⑷Conclusions and Discussions——First,the state-owned forest areas in Northeast China and Inner Mongolia should vigorously develop the industry of enriching the people and invigorating the forest in key state-owned forest areas,and optimize the industrial structure of the forest areas,so as to achieve the goal of improving the income level of residents,increasing jobs and stabilizing prices in the forest areas.Second,it is very necessary to adhere to the housing priority measures in the“three guarantees”for poverty alleviation and solve the bottleneck problems in housing,central heating and other areas of people's livelihood,which can greatly improve the life satisfaction of forest residents in the implementation of the natural protection project policy.Third,we should implement the policy of financial transfer payment for minimum living families,increase the intensity of government subsidies,carry out the construction of a social security system such as the accuracy of public services,and allocate the supply of new public services to people with a low level of satisfaction as far as possible.It is helpful to improve the overall level of satisfaction and promote social harmony and stability in forest areas.Fourth,in the process of building a service-oriented government in state-owned forest areas,special training on service ability,vocational training,technical training,and continuing education for forest residents can significantly improve the life satisfaction of forest residents.