东北内蒙古国有林区资金投入与成效分析

Analysis on Capital Investment and Effect of State-owned Forest Areas in Northeast China and Inner Mongolia

以天然林资源保护工程为研究背景,基于2001—2018年东北内蒙古国有林区在生态、经济、社会3方面的资金投入数据,分析资金投入力度与使用效率和天然林保护工程目标之间的联系。结果表明:东北内蒙古国有林区资金投入力度与使用效率存在很大的提升空间;东北内蒙古国有林区的林业资金以国家财政投资为主,呈现出较为单一的投资结构、林业投资规模变动性大、林业资金利用结构波动性强的特征。为弥补东北内蒙古国有林区资金要素投入与使用方面的不足,从投资环境、投资结构、投资模式、资金使用方向、资金监管与绩效评价、人员素质、奖惩制度等方面提出相应的政策建议。

⑴Background——Since the implementation of the Natural forest protection project,great changes have taken place in the investment channels and structure and the use of funds in the ecological,economic and social construction and development of the state-owned forest areas in Northeast China and Inner Mongolia.Therefore,it is significance to objectively reveal the dynamic changes of the specific conditions.⑵Methods——By using the elasticity index and combined with the trend of the index,this paper analyzes the fund use efficiency of the first and second phases of the Natural forest protection project as a whole and two phases of the project respectively.Through the analysis of the basic situation of the investment and use of capital elements needed in the ecological,economic and social construction and development of the state-owned forest areas of Northeast China and Inner Mongolia in the first and second phases of the Natural Forest Protection Project,this paper summarizes the characteristics and existing problems of capital investment and use in the state-owned forest areas of Northeast China and Inner Mongolia.⑶Results——During the implementation of the first and second phases of the Natural forest protection project,the investment of capital elements in the state-owned forest areas of Northeast China and Inner Mongolia is dominated by national financial investment,supplemented by other forms of investment.In terms of the use of funds,the first phase of the Natural forest protection project focuses on afforestation and social security.The second phase of Natural forest protection project mainly focuses on the protection and construction of forestry ecology,development of forestry industry,support and guarantee of forestry and infrastructure construction.According to the trend line and elasticity index,the growth rate of completed investment in the state-owned forest areas of Northeast China and Inner Mongolia is higher than that of forest management and protection.From 2000 to 2018,the growth trend of completed investment is synchronized with that of forestry output value,and the development trend of completed investment from 2000 to 2018 is opposite to that of in-service workers.The elasticity indices of forest management and protection area,forestry output value and working population are all less than 1,which almost shows a lack of flexibility,so there is a lot of room to improve the efficiency of fund use in the state-owned forest areas of Northeast China and Inner Mongolia.Based on the calculation of the use efficiency of funds and the analysis of the trend of corresponding indicators,and using the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods,it is found that the investment and use of funds in forest areas are dominated by national financial investment.It shows three characteristics:①The investment and use of capital elements in forest areas are dominated by national financial investment.And the fund of forest area presents a relatively single investment structure.②The scale of forestry investment is changeable.③The structure of forestry fund utilization is highly volatile.⑷Conclusions and Discussions——The state-owned forest areas in Northeast China and Inner Mongolia is in an important transition period.Facing the end of the second phase of the Natural Forest Protection,it is ready to enter the restoration period of natural forest resources in the next decade.Therefore,it is very important to ensure the rationality,standardization,science and effectiveness of the investment and use of forestry funds.Some suggestions are put forward:①It is suggested to improve the forestry investment environment and to optimize the structure of forestry investment.②It is required to form a diversified forestry investment model.③It is necessary to strengthen the system of fund supervision and performance evaluation.④Also it is better to improve the overall quality of our staff and strictly implement the system of rewards and punishments.