间作香露兜提高槟榔根系生长和土壤酶活性

Intercropping with Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.Improved Root Growth of Areca catechu L.and Soil Enzyme Activities

采用盆栽试验的方法,对槟榔单作、香露兜单作和槟榔间作香露兜3种栽培模式下根系生长发育和土壤酶活性进行比较研究。结果表明:槟榔间作香露兜促进了槟榔干物质累积,且分配到根系的干物质相对增多,地下部干物质质量显著增加,对香露兜的影响不显著;间作后显著增加槟榔叶片SPAD值,对香露兜无显著影响;间作模式下槟榔总根长、根系总表面积、根数目显著增多,分别比单作增加了78.64%、50.96%、81.22%,而且间作对槟榔根系生长发育的促进作用大于香露兜;槟榔间作香露兜后,土壤酸性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶活性均显著高于槟榔单作,土壤脲酶与槟榔单作无显著差异,但显著低于香露兜单作;土壤过氧化物酶活性与根数目和根体积呈显著正相关。综上所述,槟榔与香露兜根系之间竞争较小,与槟榔单作相比,槟榔间作香露兜模式能够促进槟榔根系生长,提高土壤酶活性。

The root growth of Areca catechu L.(arecanut)and Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.(pandan)with the soil enzyme activities was studied in the monoculture and intercropping systems with pot experiments.The results showed that the accumulation of arecanut dry matter was promoted in the intercropping system,the dry matter distributed to the root increased,and the dry matter in underground significantly increased over the arecanut monoculture.The dry matter accumulation of pandan was no significantly different between intercropping and pandan monoculture.SPAD reading of arecanut leaves significantly increased after intercropping,however,there was no significant difference for pandan.The total root length,total root surface area and root number of arecanut significantly increased in the intercropping system,which increased by 78.64%,50.96%and 81.22%,respectively,compared with the arecanut monoculture.The effect of intercropping on the arecanut root growth was greater than that of pandan.The activity of acid phosphatase,catalase and peroxidase in the intercropping soil was significantly higher than that in the arecanut monoculture.The activity of urease was not significantly different between intercropping and arecanut monoculture,however,that in the intercropping system was significantly lower than that in pandan monoculture.The activity of soil peroxidase was positively correlated with root number and root volume.There is less competition between the roots of arecanut and the pandan.Compared with arecanut monoculture,the arecanut and pandan intercropping system can promote arecanut root growth,increase soil enzyme activity.