避雷针名称考

Traceability of “bileizhen”

“避雷针”一词最早见于日本。1872年,在日本的一本德日词典中,该词用来对译德语的Blitzableiter(避雷针),此后逐渐流行。20世纪初,“避雷针”进入中国,如在《世界通史》(1903)和《日本法规解字》(1907)中,均能找到例证。不过有人认为,“避雷针”这个名称不是很适合,于是出现了“接闪杆”。理由是这个名称比较科学,符合这种装置的原理。但实际情况是,用“接闪杆”的人少,用“避雷针”的人多。

The term“hiraishin”(lightning rod)was first seen in Japan.1872,in a German-Japanese dictionary,the word was used to translate German Blitzableiter(lightning rod).Since then,the word has gradually become popular.At the beginning of the 20th century,the“hiraishin”entered China,i.e.“bileizhen”.Examples can be found in World History(1903)and Japanese Legal Dictionary(1907).However,Some scholars believe that the name“bileizhen”is not appropriate,so the word“jieshangan”appeared.The reason is that the name is more scientific and conforms to the principle of this device.But the actual situation is that there are few people who use the“jieshangan”,and many people use the“bileizhen”.