颗粒阻尼悬臂梁减振特性分析

Analysis of Damping Characteristics of Cantilever Beam Based on Particle Damping

针对传统动力吸振器在悬臂梁振动抑制时需要提供较大阻尼以保证不影响其吸振性能的不足,以颗粒阻尼悬臂梁为研究对象,利用颗粒阻尼附加质量小和宽频减振效果好的优点,设计了不同的颗粒阻尼器结构并采用试验验证的方法验证了颗粒阻尼器对悬臂梁振动衰减抑制的能力,同时研究了不同颗粒阻尼器参数对悬臂梁的减振特性影响。试验结果表明:相比于空梁以及空梁附加等效质量块,颗粒阻尼器在宽频带内具有优良的振动抑制效果,其中三角行截面阻尼器最大减振可达95.1%,而当填充率为70%时其振动能量损耗最多,质量比的增大使得颗粒阻尼振动抑制能力先提高后降低,且在质量比为14%时减振效果最好。

In view of the disadvantages of the traditional dynamic vibration absorber,which need to provide large damping when the cantilever beam vibration is suppressed to ensure that it does not affect the vibration absorption performance,this paper takes the particle damping cantilever beam as the research object,and utilizes the advantage of small particle damping and good broadband vibration damping effect.The corresponding form of particle damper is designed.The vibration damping ability of the particle damper to the cantilever beam is verified by the test method.At the same time,the influence rule of the particle parameter change on the damping characteristics of the damper is experimentally studied.The experimental results show that the particle damper has excellent vibration suppression effect over a wide frequency band compared to the empty beam and the additional equivalent mass of the free beam,and the maximum damping of the triangular cross section damper can reach 95.1%,while the filling rate is At 70%,the vibration energy loss is the highest.The increase of mass ratio makes the particle damping vibration suppression ability increase first and then decrease,and the best vibration reduction effect is achieved when the mass ratio is 14%.