自动驾驶汽车交通肇事刑事责任研究

Criminal Liability for Traffic Accidents Caused by Autonomous Vehicle

成熟的自动驾驶技术可以提高驾驶的安全性、经济性和效率,从而达到“解放驾驶员”的目的。在“人机共驾”模式和“无人驾驶”的自动驾驶模式下,便利与风险往往是并存的。自动驾驶汽车可能会造成严重交通事故,此时由于交通肇事原因的复杂性,简单套用现行刑法中交通肇事罪的相关规定可能出现刑事责任主体难以确定、刑事责任难以划分、相关主体无法入罪等问题。面对自动驾驶汽车交通肇事在司法实践中可能引发的对传统刑法理论的挑战,相较于立法而言,在不改变现行刑法体系的前提下,通过法律解释等方法解决自动驾驶技术带来的法律难题,合理、科学地认定不同情况下自动驾驶汽车交通肇事的刑事责任会是更好的选择。

Mature autonomous driving technology can improve the safety,economy and efficiency of driving,so as to achieve the purpose of“freeing the driver”.In the“human-computer co-driving”mode and the“driverless”automatic driving mode,convenience and risk often coexist.Autonomous vehicles may cause serious traffic accidents.At this time,due to the complexity of the causes of traffic accidents,it may be difficult to determine the subject of criminal responsibility,difficult to divide the criminal responsibility,and the relevant subject cannot be criminalized.Face the self-driving car traffic accident in the judicial practice could bring a challenge to the traditional criminal law theory,compared with the legislation,under the premise of without changing the current criminal law system,solved through legal interpretation methods such as automatic driving the legal problem,reasonably and scientifically determined under different conditions of self-driving car traffic accident criminal responsibility would be a better choice.