3,5⁃二硝氨基⁃1,2,4⁃三唑肼盐晶体结构、热性能及在CMDB推进剂中的应用

Crystal Structure,Thermal Properties of Hydrazinium 3,5⁃Dinitroamino⁃1,2,4⁃triazole and Application in CMDB Propellant

在甲醇/水溶剂中培养了3,5‑二硝氨基‑1,2,4‑三唑肼盐(HDNAT)单晶,利用X射线单晶衍射仪测定了结构;晶体结构解析表明HDNAT属于正交晶系,空间群为P2(1),晶胞参数a=0.35976(12)nm,b=0.9348(3)nm,c=1.1833(4)nm,V=0.393.9(2)nm3,Z=2,Dc=1.91 g·cm-3,μ=0.170 mm-1,F(000)=230;采用TG‑DTG分析了HDNAT的热性能,其分解峰温为193.17℃,分解历程为固相直接分解;设计并制备了含HDNAT的改性双基推进剂(CMDB)配方,测试了爆热、比容、密度、特征速度、比冲等能量特性参数和燃烧性能,实测爆热为6042 kJ·kg-1、比容为638 L·kg-1、密度为1.767 g·cm-3、特征速度为1592.3 m·s-1;Φ50 mm发动机燃烧性能实测结果表明,在15 MPa压强下工作稳定,比冲可达到250.91 s,燃速较RDX‑CMDB推进剂提高18.8%以上,但推进剂的部分压强指数超过0.4以上。

The single crystal of hydrazinium 3,5‑dinitroamino‑1,2,4‑triazole(HDNAT)was cultivated by slow evaporation from solvent of methanol/water,and its crystal structure was determined by X‑ray singal‑crystal diffractometer.The crystal structure analysis indicates that HDNAT belongs to monoclinic system with space group P2(1),and the crystal parameters are a=0.35976(12)nm,b=0.9348(3)nm,c=1.1833(4)nm,V=0.393.9(2)nm3,Z=2,Dc=1.91 g·cm-3,μ=0.170 mm-1,F(000)=230.The thermal behavior of HDNAT was studied by TG‑DTG.The decomposition peak of HDNAT is 193.17℃(DSC),and it decomposes at solid state.The composite modified double‑base(CMDB)propellant formulation based on HDNAT was designed and prepared,and its energy characteristics such as explosion,specific volume,density,characteristic velocity,and specific impulse and com‑bustion performances were tested.For HDNAT‑based CMDB propellant formulation,the tested explosion is 6042 kJ·kg-1,specific volume is 638 L·kg-1,density is 1.767 g·cm-3,characteristic velocity is 1592.3 m·s-1.The study of combustion performances ofΦ50 mm engine show that it has stable performances at pressure of 15 MPa,the specific impulse is 250.91 s.Compared with RDX‑CMDB propellant,the burning rate of HDNAT‑based CMDB propellant increases by 18.8%,and the pressure exponent in partial pressure range is above 0.4.