固体火箭发动机水下工作推力特性的实验研究

Experimental Research on Thrust Characteristics of Solid Rocket Engine Working Underwater

为了研究固体火箭发动机水下工作时燃气射流流场及推力特性,在连接船体升降平台上开展了火箭发动机水下工作的实验研究。采用高速摄像系统观察了喷管燃气射流在开阔水域的扩展过程,获得了水下燃气射流形态演化过程;对水下火箭发动机的燃烧室压强及推力进行了测量,对比分析了在10 m、30 m、50 m三种水深条件下不同装药火箭发动机工作的推力特性。实验结果表明,发动机水下点火时,水环境与燃气之间的相互作用改变了燃气射流形貌,气液湍流掺混剧烈。随着水深的增大,燃烧室压力基本不变,发动机工作推力减小,水深从10 m增加到50 m时,三种发动机推力均降低了20%以上,且发动机推力与工作深度呈现非线性关系。在同一水深条件下,当发动机喷喉直径较小时,推力减小量较小;当燃烧室压强较小时,推力减小量较小。

In order to investigate the gas jet flow field and thrust characteristics of solid rocket engine working underwater,an experimental study on the underwater work of rocket engine was carried out on the lifting platform connected to the hull.The expansion process of nozzle gas jet in open water was observed by high speed camera system,and the evolution process of underwater gas jet was obtained.The combustion chamber pressure and thrust of underwater rocket engine were measured.The thrust characteristics of the rocket engine under the water depth of 10 m,30 m and 50 m were compared and analyzed.The experimental results show that when the engine is ignited underwater,the shape of gas jet is changed because of the interaction between water environment and gas,and gas liquid turbulent mixing is intense.With the increase of water depth,the combustor pressure is basically unchanged,the working thrust of the engine decreases.The relationship between thrust and water depth is nonlinear.Under the same water depth condition,the smaller the engine throat diameter,the smaller the thrust reduction,and the smaller the combustion chamber pressure,the smaller the thrust reduction.