检察官惩戒制度的“去全”与“回归”

The“Removing the Whole”and“Returning to the Goal”of the Prosecutor’s Disciplinary System

检察官惩戒制度旨在保证检察官之检察权规范化运作,以保障检察权之社会公信力。然而,该制度在设计之初,追求一种“大而全”的监督惩戒,将错案惩戒、违反法定职责的惩戒和违反检察官职业伦理的惩戒全面纳入检察惩戒制度之中,从而导致该制度因惩戒事由过于宽泛,而在现实运行中存在虚化不实的情形,难以达至制度设计之初衷。在国家监察体制创建的背景下,检察惩戒因与监察惩戒之间存在着监督情形的高度重叠,进一步加强了检察惩戒制度的虚化。就该制度设计初衷而论,“去全”与“回归”或许是提升检察惩戒制度功效的可能途径。

The purpose of the prosecutor punishment system is to ensure the standardized operation of the procuratorial power,so as to ensure the social credibility of the procuratorial power.However,at the beginning of its design,the system pursues a kind of“large and comprehensive”supervision and punishment,including punishment for misjudged cases,punishment for violating legal duties and punishment for violating professional ethics of prosecutors.As a result,it is difficult to achieve the original intention of the system design because the punishment reasons are too broad and that there is a virtual situation in the actual operation of the system.Under the background of the establishment of the national supervision system,there is a high degree of overlap between the procuratorial punishment and the supervision punishment,which further strengthens the falsification of the procuratorial punishment system.As far as the original intention of the system is concerned,“removing the whole”and“returning to the goal”may be the possible ways to enhance the effectiveness of the procuratorial punishment system.