“央-县”治理:脱贫攻坚中的一种新型中央与地方关系

‘Central-County’Governance:A New Relationship betweenCentral Government and Local Government in Poverty Alleviation

中国的央地治理模式一直伴随着中国的社会发展而不断创新变化。在过去五年的脱贫攻坚工作中,中国出现了一种新型中央与地方的关系:“央-县”治理,即中央政府从传统的“中央-省”的委托代理模式,转变为在原有省级政府负总责的基础上叠加中央对县级政府的直接互动与点穴式治理。这种新型治理模式超越了传统的中央对省级政府的行政发包制,通过对贫困县主要领导“干部冻结”叫停了政治锦标赛,通过引入第三方评估削弱了以往地方政府基于信息优势对中央进行的博弈。这种“央-县”治理模式加强了中央意志的向下渗透与传递,为新时期中国县域治理提供了一个新的视角和框架。

China's central and local governance mode has been constantly innovating and changing with China's social development.In the past five years,a new type of relationship between the central government and the local government has emerged in China,that is‘,Central-County’governance.Central government has changed from the traditional‘central province’principal-agent mode to the direct interaction with county-level government on the basis of the original provincial government's overall responsibility.This new governance mode has gone beyond the traditional central government's administrative contract system to provincial governments.It has stopped the political tournament by freezing the main leaders of povertystricken counties,and weakened the previous local government's game against the central government based on the information advantage by introducing the third-party evaluation.This‘Central-County’governance mode strengthens the downward penetration and transmission of the central will,and provides a new perspective and framework for China's county governance in the new era.