美国档案职业之父利兰思想探析

Analysis on the Thought of Leland,the Father of American Archival Profession

沃尔多·吉福德·利兰作为美国国家档案馆运动的推动者、美国档案职业之父,是美国档案事业发展的重要先驱。其档案学思想主要体现在:指明国家档案馆的角色定位在于保管与监督;帮助档案专业摆脱图书馆学、历史学的干预,逐步走向独立;围绕档案的管理与仓储问题做出了详细阐述;率先为美国档案高等教育发声,并为之提供有力的经济支持。

As the promoter of American national archives movement and the father of American archival profession,Waldo Gifford Leland is an important pioneer in the development of American archives cause.His thought of archival science lies mainly in four aspects:pointing out that the national archives should define its role as the preserver and supervisor;helping archival profession escape from the intervention of library science and history,and gradually boosting its drive for independence;making detailed responses to the issues of archive administration and depot;speaking firstly for American archival higher education,and providing strong financial support for it.