石墨烯空心微球制备方法的研究进展

Progress in Preparation of Graphene Hollow Microspheres

石墨烯被认为是一种颇具潜力的新型材料,具有优异的导电性能、力学性能以及大的比表面积,但石墨烯极易因为片层间的分子间作用力以及π-π作用而发生堆叠团聚。构筑三维空心微球结构不仅能够有效阻止石墨烯片团聚,从而保证大的比表面积与优异的性质,还具有结构规整、尺寸可调的独特优势。本文对近年来石墨烯空心微球的制备方法进行了阐述,主要按照模板法与无模板法两大类进行了整理与分析,又将模板法分为硬模板法与软模板法两类来叙述,对石墨烯空心微球的制备过程中应用到的多种技术进行了介绍与举例,并分别对硬模板法、软模板法、无模板法各自的优缺点进行了分析与总结。

With excellent electrical conductivity,mechanical properties and large specific surface areas,graphene is a new material with great potentials.However,graphene is prone to stacking because of the intermolecular forces andπ-πinteraction between sheets.Constructing a three-dimensional hollow microsphere structure not only effectively prevents the agglomeration of graphene sheets,ensures a large specific surface area and excellent properties,but also has unique advantages of regular structures and adjustable sizes.This article describes the preparation methods of graphene hollow microspheres reported in recent years.It is mainly arranged and analyzed according to two major categories:template method and templateless method,and the template method is divided into two categories:hard template method and soft template method.Introductions and examples of various technologies applied in the preparation of graphene hollow microspheres are presented.The review concludes with the analyses and summaries of the hard template method,soft template method and templateless method respectively,as well as a discussion of future perspectives.