蓝斑背肛海兔卵营养成分分析与评价

Analysis and evaluation of nutritional components of the Notarchus leachii freeri eggs

为了评估蓝斑背肛海兔(Notarchus leachii freeri)卵的营养水平,为海洋功能性食品开发提供基础数据,对其一般营养成分、脂肪酸、氨基酸、胆固醇、牛磺酸、维生素和无机元素进行检测。结果表明,新鲜蓝斑背肛海兔卵中水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和灰分含量分别为90.73%、2.53%、0.62%和1.76%。脂肪酸共检测出24种,不饱和脂肪酸含量丰富,占脂肪酸总量的57.51%,其中EPA+DHA占27.28%。氨基酸共检测出17种,必需氨基酸和鲜味氨基酸含量分别为7.41 g/100 g和6.86 g/100 g,分别占氨基酸总量的34.76%和32.18%,必需氨基酸构成比例基本符合FAO/WHO模式,分别以氨基酸评分和化学评分进行评价,其第1限制性氨基酸均为蛋氨酸。胆固醇和牛磺酸含量分别为19.8和180 mg/100 g,牛磺酸与胆固醇的比值为9.09。V D、V E、V B2含量分别为47μg/100 g、42.2 mg/100 g和0.02 mg/100 g。常量元素Ca、Mg、K、Na和微量元素Fe、Zn、Mn、Se等含量丰富。综上,蓝斑背肛海兔卵中各种营养成份丰富、比例均衡,是符合人体营养需求的优质海产品。

In order to evaluate the nutritional value and provide the basis data for the development of marine functional food,the general nutrients,fatty acids,amino acids,cholesterol,taurine,vitamins and inorganic elements in Notarchus leachii freeri eggs were analyzed.The results showed that the contents of moisture,crude protein,crude fat and ash in Notarchus leachii freeri eggs were 90.73%、2.53%、0.62%and 1.76%,respectively.Twenty-four kinds of fatty acids were detected.The contents of the unsaturated fatty acids were rich,accounting for 57.51%of the total fatty acids content,and the total amount of EPA and DHA accounted for 27.28%.Seventeen amino acids were found in Notarchus leachii freeri eggs.The contents of the essential amino acids(EAA)and delicious amino acids(DAA)were 7.41 g/100 g and 6.86 g/100 g,respectively,accounting for 34.76%and 32.18%of the total amino acids(TAA).The EAA composition basically met the FAO/WHO criteria.According to nutritional evaluation in amino acid score(AAS)and chemical score(CS),the first limiting amino acid of Notarchus leachii freeri eggs was methionine.The contents of cholesterol and taurine were 19.8 mg/100 g and 180 mg/100 g,respectively,in Notarchus leachii freeri eggs,and the ratio of taurine to cholesterol(T/C)was 9.09.Their vitamins V D、V E and V B2 contents were 47μg/100 g,42.2 mg/100 g and 0.02 mg/100 g,respectively.The macroelements(Ca,Mg,K and Na)and trace elements(Fe,Zn,Mn and Se,etc.)were abundant in Notarchus leachii freeri eggs.In summary,Notarchus leachii freeri eggs are rich in various nutrient elements with a balanced proportion,and are high-quality seafoods that meet the nutritional needs of human body.