侧孔参数对炮口制退器流场结构及超压的影响研究

Effects of Side Hole Parameters on Structure and Overpressure of Muzzle Brake Flow Field

火炮射击时大量火药燃气从炮口制退器侧孔喷出,由于火药燃气通过各个侧孔的能量是递减的,因此研究炮口制退器第1排侧孔参数对身管后方超压的影响具有重要的军事应用价值。以125 mm坦克炮为背景,基于二维非定常Navier-Stokes方程,结合高精度AUSM+格式及结构化动网格技术,在实验验证基础上从速度场、压强场及特征涡旋等方面综合分析了膛口流场的动态特性,研究了侧孔参数对炮口制退器流场结构及超压的影响规律,结果表明侧孔处冲击波球面的方向主要受侧孔孔径的影响,而侧孔处二次冲击波方向主要受侧孔倾角的影响,此外随着侧孔倾角及孔径的增大,身管后方的超压峰值均下降,而膛口截面上点的超压峰值呈现出相反的规律。

A large amount of gunpowder gas is ejected from the side hole of muzzle brake when the gun is firing. Because the energy of gunpowder gas passing through each side hole is decreasing, it is of great military value to study the effects of the first row of side hole parameters of muzzle brake on the overpressure behind the barrel. Based on the two-dimensional unsteady Navier Stokes equation, high-precision AUSM+ scheme and structured moving grid technology, the dynamic characteristics of muzzle flow field were analyzed comprehensively from the aspects of velocity field,pressure field and charac-teristic vortex on the basis of experimental verification, with the effects of side hole parameters on muzzle brake flow field structure and overpressure studied. The results show that the direction of the spherical surface of the shock wave at the side holes is mainly affected by the diameter of the side-hole, while the direction of the secondary shock wave at the side-holes is mainly affected by the angle of the side hole. In addition, the peak overpressure behind the barrel decreases with the increase of angle and diameter of the side hole, while the peak overpressure at the point on the muzzle section shows the opposite law.