水分再循环计算模型的研究进展及其展望

Progress and Prospect of the Moisture Recycling Models

水分再循环是蒸发的水汽以降水的形式再次返回本地的过程,是水文大循环的重要组成部分。回顾了水分再循环基础理论的发展过程,系统地梳理了国内外3类水分再循环研究方法,分析了不同箱式分析模型边界条件和假设条件的异同,对比了水汽追踪和物理示踪等方法的优点及局限性。当前国内外水分再循环的研究存在尺度依赖性高、全球尺度研究较少等突出问题,箱式分析再循环模型有待深入比较或优化改进,应发展相对共识的等尺度计算方案;此外,水分再循环的研究应与全球水文大循环的研究相结合,包括计算或补全全球水量平衡分量,同时还应考虑水循环的动态变化问题。

As an important part of the hydrological cycle,moisture recycling is a process in which evaporated water vapor returns to the local area again in the form of precipitation.In this paper,the development process of the basic theory of moisture recycling was reviewed.Three types of moisture recycling research methods from the domestic and foreign research were investigated systematically.The similarities and differences of the boundary conditions and assumptions of different box analysis models were analyzed.The advantages and limitations of water vapor tracer method and isotopic tracer method were compared.In the current domestic and international moisture recycling research,scale-dependence of the results and fewer studies on global scale are still outstanding problems.The box analysis recycling model needs to be optimized and improved.Relatively consensus equal-scale calculation schemes should be developed.In addition,moisture recycling studies should be combined with the studies of the global water cycle,in order to supplement relevant components of global water balance.Dynamic changes of the water cycle should also be considered the changes of moisture recycling.