口腔颌面部肿瘤来源外泌体的生物功能及其临床应用

Biological function and clinical application of exosomes in oral and maxillofacial tumors

外泌体是细胞外囊泡中最小的一组,含有丰富的来自母细胞的信息,作为肿瘤微环境的重要组成部分,它可以通过细胞间通信和信号转导来诱发病理过程。近年来研究发现,口腔颌面部肿瘤来源外泌体参与了肿瘤的发生发展、免疫调节、治疗等大部分过程。外泌体广泛存在于血液、唾液等体液中,对外泌体内容物进行检测分析,将有助于肿瘤的早期诊断、疗效评价和预后判断。文章就口腔颌面部肿瘤来源外泌体的生物功能及其临床应用的研究进展做一阐述,以期为后续的研究提供参考。

Exosome is the smallest group of extracellular vesicles and contains abundant information from parental cells. As an important component of tumor microenvironment,exosome can induce pathological processes through intercellular communication and signal transduction. In recent years,it has been found that the exosomes derived from oral and maxillofacial tumor are involved in the occurrence and development of tumors,immune regulation and treatment. Since exosomes are widely present in blood,saliva and other body fluids,detection and analysis of exosomes contents will be helpful for early diagnosis,efficacy evaluation and prognosis judgment of tumors. In this paper,the research progress in the biological function and the clinical application of exosomes in oral and maxillofacial tumors is reviewed in order to provide reference for future researches.