城市轨道交通站点可达性研究

Analysis of Urban Rail Transit Station’s Accessibility

研究城市轨道交通(URT)站点的可达性对于提升URT的运营水平具有重要意义。本文将站点可达性划分为易达性及可动性两类,分别运用空间句法及乘客广义出行费用量化了两类可达性指标,最后运用所建立指标分析了杭州地铁站点的可达性。计算结果表明:杭州地铁站点的车行易达性较差,而步行易达性处于较高水平,且越靠近市中心、站点的易达性越高;杭州地铁站点的可动性受区间拥挤程度影响,本线站间可动性小于跨线站间可动性;地铁2号线是影响杭州地铁全网可动性的关键线路。URT运营管理部门可以通过合理组织乘客出行、优化站点周边接驳道路、规划环线以增加换乘站点等来提升URT站点的可达性。

Studying the accessibility of Urban Rail Transit(URT)is critical in improving its operational level.In this study,the stations’accessibility indicators,attractive accessibility and mobility,are measured using space syntax and passengers’generalized travel costs,respectively.Finally,the accessibility of Hangzhou’s subway stations is measured by the proposed indicators.The result shows that the driving attractive accessibility of Hangzhou’s subway stations is relatively poor,contrary to their walking attractive accessibility.The stations which are closer to downtown Hangzhou have higher attractive accessibility.Their mobility is mainly affected by the lines’crowds,and the mobility of internal inter-stations is inferior to that of external inter-stations.Hangzhou’s subway line 2 is instrumental in influencing Hangzhou’s subway network mobility.URT operators can take measures,such as organizing passengers’travel effectively,rationally planning urban roads around subway stations and constructing loop lines to add transfer stations,thus improving the accessibility of URT stations.