汉至南北朝时期斗拱的演变与发展

Evolution and Development of Brackets from the Han Dynasty to the Northern and Southern Dynasties

斗拱在中国古代木构建筑中占有非常重要的地位,它的形态由简到繁,从不可或缺的结构构件发展到重叠繁累的装饰构件,从发源、探索,到成熟、僵化,这期间历经数千年的历史。斗拱是探索中国古代建筑形式和秩序的重要佐证。本文将从汉至南北朝时期所遗留的壁画、阙、明器中所记载的斗拱入手,探索斗拱在发展成熟之前的特点和作用。

Brackets occupies a very important position in Chinese ancient wooden frame building.The development of its shape experienced thousands of years from simple to complex,from an indispensable structural member to a complex decorative member,and from the origin,exploration to mature and rigid.The brackets are important evidence for exploring the form and order of the ancient Chinese architecture.This paper will explore the characteristics and functions of the brackets before it becomes mature from the brackets left in the frescoes,ques and the wares in Ming Dynasty from Han Dynasty to Northern and Southern Dynasties.