基于GIS技术的常德市生态系统服务空间分异研究

Spatial Differentiation of Ecosystem Services in Changde City based on GIS

生态系统服务是生态管理的基础,本文以常德市为例,采用空间自相关分析方法进行生态系统服务空间分异关系研究。结果表明:在1995-2018年间,常德市土地生态服务总价值最高的年份为2018年,达24107.3×10^6元·a^-1,较1995年增加了175.323×10^6元·a^-1,最低年份2000年为23645.1×10^6元·a^-1,较1995年减少了286.8735×10^6元·a^-1,空间分布以常德西北部的石门县和西南部的桃源县较高;研究期内土地生态系统服务价值空间分布的全局Moran's I指数均小于0,基本分布在-0.5左右,总体呈较显著的空间负相关,即空间单元属性值基本呈不相似的值聚集、相似的值分散的空间分布,同时局部自相关LISA集聚图显示土地生态服务价值整体空间分布均具有显著的集聚特征。本文结果可为深化常德地区土地利用规划管理决策及生态经济协调发展提供支撑。

Ecosystem service is the basis of ecological management.Spatial differentiation relationship of ecosystem service was analyzed by using the spatial autocorrelation and taking Changde city as an example,and the results were as followed.In 1995-2018,the total value of land ecological services was highest in 2018,and the value reached 24107.3×10^6 RMB·a^-1,which increased by 175.323×10^6 RMB·a^-1 compared with 1995,while the total value was lowest in 2000(23645.1×10^6 RMB·a^-1),which decreased by 286.8735×10^6 RMB·a^-1 compared with 1995.The spatial distribution of land ecosystem service value showed that Shimen County in the northwest and Taoyuan County in the southwest of Changde City were higher than the other areas.During the study period,the global Moran's I index of the spatial distribution of ecosystem service value was less than 0,with the basic distribution around-0.5,showing an obvious spatial negative correlation on the overall spatial distribution.In other words,the attribute values of spatial units basically showed the trends of dissimilar values aggregation and similar values dispersion.Meanwhile,according to the LISA cluster diagram of local autocorrelation,the overall spatial distribution of the land ecological service value in Changde City had a significant clustering characteristic.The results of this paper could provide supports for deepening the land use planning and management decision and the coordinated development of ecological economy in Changde City.