邓子恢中南时期的土改方略探究

Deng Zihui’s Land Reform Strategy in Central and Southern China

邓子恢作为中共党内杰出的农民运动和农村工作专家,他一生心系农民,尊重农民,深知土地之于中国农民以及作为新民主主义革命重要一环的土地改革对于即将在全国执政的中国共产党的双重重要性。在新中国成立初期的三年间(1949—1952),邓子恢从中南地区实情出发,提出以“三过程、两阶段”为核心的整体土改方略,并从新民主主义革命视阈下审视土改的历史意义。同时,他还就土改过程中如何处理富农问题提出真知灼见。邓子恢的中南土改方略不仅使该区成为全国各大区土改运动的样板和示范,受到中央和毛泽东的高度肯定,而且也为他继之而来主持中央农村工作部提供了丰富的实践经验。

Deng Zihui,as an outstanding expert of peasant movement and rural work in the Communist Party of China,devoted his whole life to farmers and respected them.He knew well the dual importance of land to Chinese farmers and the land reform as an important part of the new democratic revolution for the Communist Party of China,which will be in power nationwide.During the three years(1949-1952)when he was in charge ofCentral and Southern China in the early days of the founding of new China,Deng Zihui put forward the overall land reform strategy with“Three Processes and Two Stages”as the core and examined the historical significance of land reform from the perspective of new democratic revolution.At the same time,he also put forward insightful opinions on how to deal with the problem of rich peasants in the process of land reform.Deng Zihui’s land reform strategy in central and southern China not only made the region become the model and demonstration of the land reform movement in various regions of the country,and was highly affirmed by the Central Committee and Mao Zedong,but also provided rich practical experience for him to preside over the Central Rural Work Department.