微通道换热器结霜特性研究现状与展望

Review on Research Status of Frosting Characteristics of Microchannel Heat Exchanger

微通道换热器在低温工况下用作蒸发器时存在结霜速度较快的问题,制约了其在制冷系统的应用。针对微通道换热器的结霜现象,本文归纳了影响微通道换热器结霜特性的因素、改善微通道换热器结霜特性的方案和微通道换热器结霜的相关仿真研究,介绍了微通道换热器结霜特性的研究现状和方向,发现目前影响微通道换热器结霜特性的因素主要分为:外部因素(环境参数、表面温度、凝水),结构因素(换热器布置方向、翅片结构、翅片密度、涂层、结垢)和内部因素(制冷剂分布)。改善微通道换热器结霜特性的研究集中在调整翅片的结构以实现更好的排水性能和更均匀的霜层分布,未来研究的重点在于开发抑霜性能更好的微通道换热器和建立更高精度的仿真模型。

When operated under low ambient temperature conditions,the frosting rate of a microchannel evaporator is high,which restricts its application in refrigeration systems.In terms of the frosting phenomenon of a microchannel heat exchanger,this paper summarizes the factors that affect the frosting characteristics,the research on inhibition of frosting,and simulations of frosting characteristics.The factors that affect the frosting characteristics of a microchannel heat exchanger primarily include external factors(environmental parameters,surface temperature,and condensate),structural factors(heat exchanger installation direction,fin structure,fin density,coating,and fouling),and internal factors(refrigerant distribution).To improve the frosting characteristics of a microchannel heat exchanger,the fin structures can be optimized to obtain better drainage performance and more uniform frosting characteristics.Future research focuses on the development of a microchannel heat exchanger with better frost suppression performance and the establishment of a higher-precision simulation model.