生物力学建模仿真在无创心血管检测技术与设备研发中的应用

Application of biomechanical modeling and simulation in the development of noninvasive technologies and devices for cardiovascular testing

心血管疾病在我国人群中的发病率逐年升高,已成为影响我国经济社会发展的重大问题之一。研究表明,及时干预心血管风险因子可以有效降低心血管疾病死亡率,因此在普通人群中广泛开展心血管检测和风险因子筛查是心血管疾病防治的关键。然而,当前可用于快速心血管检测的设备种类较少,并且很多设备存在操作复杂、工作原理不明确或测量精度在不同个体间差异大等诸多技术问题,造成心血管检测的普及率和可靠性总体偏低。本文介绍了几种典型心血管指标(如外周/中心动脉血压、动脉僵硬度)的无创测量原理及相关技术进展,重点阐述了生物力学建模仿真在测量原理验证、影响因素分析及技术改良或创新方面的应用。

The prevalence of cardiovascular disease in our country is increasing,and it has been a big problem affecting the social and economic development.It has been demonstrated that early intervention of cardiovascular risk factors can effectively reduce cardiovascular disease-caused mortality.Therefore,extensive implementation of cardiovascular testing and risk factor screening in the general population is the key to the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease.However,the categories of devices available for quick cardiovascular testing are limited,and in particular,many existing devices suffer from various technical problems,such as complex operation,unclear working principle,or large inter-individual variability in measurement accuracy,which lead to an overall low popularity and reliability of cardiovascular testing.In this study,we introduce the non-invasive measurement mechanisms and relevant technical progresses for several typical cardiovascular indices(e.g.,peripheral/central arterial blood pressure,and arterial stiffness),with emphasis on describing the applications of biomechanical modeling and simulation in mechanism verification,analysis of influential factors,and technical improvement/innovation.