曼彻斯特时期恩格斯思想的快速发展及根本转变

The Rapid Development and Fundamental Change of Engels'Thought in Manchester period

曼彻斯特时期是恩格斯思想发展的关键时期。他深入工人阶级生产生活和革命运动实践,深刻分析英国经济政治社会实际,大量学习和吸收共产主义学说,广泛阅读和批判资产阶级政治经济学,进一步研究德国古典哲学和当代思想。在此基础上科学认识工人阶级的形成发展、现实状况和历史使命,分析资本主义生产方式的本质和趋势,把握人类历史发展的基本规律,提出了一系列共产主义和唯物主义的科学论断,完成了从唯心主义到唯物主义、从民主主义到共产主义的思想转变。实践性是恩格斯思想转变的突出特征,这个特征在马克思主义创立和发展史上具有重要意义,对马克思主义的当代发展具有重要启示。

The Manchester period is a critical time for the development of Engels'thought.He went deep into the production,living,and revolutionary movement of the working class,deeply analyzed the economic,political and social reality in England,studied hard and absorbed much of the communist theory,widely read and criticized bourgeois political economy,and further studied the German classical philosophy and contemporary thought.On this basis,he understood the formation and development,the current situation and historical mission of the working class scientifically,analyzed the nature and the trend of the capitalist mode of production,grasped the basic laws of the development of human history,and put forward a series of scientific thesis on communism and materialism,then accomplished the change from idealism to materialism,from democratism to communism.Practicality is the distinctive feature of this change,which is of great significance in the history of the establishment and development of Marxism and has important implications for the contemporary development of Marxism.