基于公众KAP视野的自然保护地自然教育评价研究——以贵阳市内的3处自然保护地为例

Research on Nature Education Evaluation of Nature Reserves Based on Public KAP Perspective——A Case Study of Three Nature Reserves in Guiyang City

选取贵阳市内具有代表性的3处自然保护地:以森林公园为代表的贵阳市登高云山森林公园,以湿地公园为代表的贵阳阿哈湖国家湿地公园和以风景名胜区为代表的贵阳市清镇红枫湖风景名胜区,以问卷调查法和访谈法进行了实地调查,从K-A-P(Knowledge-Attitude-Practice)三个维度量化评价并分析了其不足。公众对自然教育的认可度是反映自然保护地游憩体验感、获得感及满意度的重要指标,直接影响着自然保护地的综合效益。结果表明:据公众特征分析,从自然教育程度可将公众大致分为专业人士、学生群体、普通民众3个类别;公众自然知识(K)分别与自然态度(A)及自然保护行为(P)程显著的相关性;根据调查显示,公众对自然态度中自然破坏程度因子的认可率较高且对自然知识的渴望主要来自大自然的基础科学知识。

This paper selects three representative nature reserves in Guiyang:Denggao Yunshan Forest Park represented by forest park,Aha Lake National Wetland Park represented by wetland park,and Hongfeng Lake scenic spot in Qingzhen Town,Guiyang city.Questionnaire survey and interview method were used to conduct field survey,and the deficiencies were analyzed from the three dimensions of K-A-P(knowledge attitude practice).Public recognition of nature education is an important indicator to reflect the sense of recreation experience,acquisition and satisfaction of nature reserves,which directly affects the comprehensive benefits of nature reserves.The results show that:according to the analysis of public characteristics,the public can be roughly divided into three categories:professionals,students and ordinary people;the public's natural knowledge(k)is significantly related to natural attitude(a)and nature conservation behavior(P);according to the survey,the public's recognition of the natural damage degree factor in the natural attitude is shown and the desire for natural knowledge mainly comes from the basic scientific knowledge of nature.