生活世界与审美发现——略论后期维特根斯坦的转变

Lebenswelt and Aesthetic Discovery——A Brief Study on Late Wittgenstein's Thinking Transformation

在欧洲科学危机和生活世界被遗忘的时代背景下,维特根斯哲学研究经历了从早期的逻辑分析到后期回归生活世界的巨大转变。其哲学活动可大致分为前后两个时期,前期主要针对以往的形而上学传统而强调对命题的逻辑分析,力图建立一套严格的逻辑句法体系以清除形而上学,通过对语言的逻辑句法分析使哲学问题消失。但在其后期哲学活动中却出现了重大转折,不仅放弃了前期的逻辑分析方法,而且将哲学研究的重心转向具体而丰富多彩的生活世界,关注语言被使用的生活形式以及具体环境,进而将哲学活动转向艺术的、审美化的诗意运思,引导人们自由独立地思考,体现了一种哲学活动中的审美维度。

Ludwig Wittgenstein(1889-1951)experienced a great transformation from the early logical analysis to his later return to the living world(Lebenswelt)under the background of European scientific crisis and the forgotten Lebenswelt.His philosophical activities could be roughly divided into two periods.In the early stage,he mainly focused on the logical analysis of propositions in view of the previous metaphysical tradition,trying to establish a set of strict logical syntactic system,and to eliminate metaphysics and make philosophical problems disappear through the logical syntactic analysis of language.But an important turning point in his later thought,not only to give up the previous logic analysis method,but also turn his study of philosophy to specific and abundant life in the world,paying close attention to language being used in the Lebensform and specific life context,thus his philosophy activities turned to art,the poetic aesthetics of thinking,leading people to free and independent thinking,this reflects the religious dimension of western traditional thought.