农村集体经济组织在乡村产业振兴中的作用机制研究——以“企业+农村集体经济组织+农户”模式为例

A Study on the Mechanism of Village Collective Economic Organizations in the Revitalization of Rural Industries:Take the “Enterprise+Village Collective Economic Organization+Farmers” Model as an Example

企业和村集体经济组织都是乡村产业振兴的重要主体,企业在联结市场方面具有优势,村集体经济组织在联结乡村方面具有优势。村集体经济组织内生于乡村社会,嵌入于乡村社会关系网路,具有合作传统、组织基础以及与村委"二合一"的治理优势等,从而在实现乡村资源整合、企业与农户对接方面具有天然优势。在"企业+农户"模式中,企业面临的主要问题在于农户违约、与农户打交道的高交易成本以及嵌入性关系的难以获得,农户面临的主要问题则是市场竞争力的低下。村集体经济组织解决以上问题的机制是通过组织生产来组织农户以降低组织成本、交易成本以及提高农户的市场竞争力、降低企业的违约可能性;对有限资源进行优化配置以及基于此的灵活性的策略选择;利用与村委"二合一"的治理优势降低组织成本,或将组织成本转移为行政成本。

The study found that village collective economic organizations are endogenous in rural society,embedded in rural social relations networks,have a tradition of cooperation,and governance advantages from village committees.The mechanism by which village collective economic organizations play a role in the above two modes is as follows.The first,organizing Peasants to reduce organizational costs,transaction costs,and improve market competitiveness of Peasants by organizing production;Second,making use of and mobilizing their rich social relationship resources embedded in rural society and political authority to integrate farmers;Third,optimal configuration of limited resources and flexible strategy selection based on this.Fourth,use the governance advantages of village committees to reduce organizational costs or transfer organizational costs to administrative costs.