高含水油井采出液预分水技术发展现状与展望

Development status and prospect of water pre-separation technology for produced liquid in high water-cut oil well

目前国内外不少油田已经进入高含水甚至特高含水开发期,增加油井液量逐渐成为各大油田稳定原油产量的主要措施。对于传统的油气集输处理工艺流程而言,采出水量急剧增加且处理难度加大,导致了原有油气水处理设备利用效率低下、运行能耗大幅提升,因此采出液预分水技术日益受到关注。通过对比分析和系统总结国内外近年来采出液预分水技术的研发应用现状可以看出,目前仍以常规重力沉降分离为主,集成应用离心力场和电场的预分水技术相对较少,且对高含水采出液电场破乳作用机理的认识存在差异。采用基于多场协同作用的高效重力沉降分离和精准电场破乳,实现处理设备的紧凑化是今后预分水技术的发展方向。

Currently,lots of domestic and overseas oilfields have entered a high water-cut or even super high water-cut development period.Increasing liquid volume of oil wells has gradually become the main measure to stabilize oil production in most oilfields.For the traditional oil and gas gathering process,the amount of produced water increases sharply and thus the difficulty in treatment is also increased,resulting in the low utilization efficiency of the original treatment equipment of oil,gas and water and the significant increase in operation energy consumption.Therefore,the produced water pre-separation technology increasingly receives attention.This paper comparatively analyzes and systematically summarizes the domestic and foreign development and application situation of the produced water pre-separation technology in recent years.It can be seen that the conventional gravity sedimentation separation method is mainly used,and the water pre-separation technology integrating the centrifugal force field and electric field is less used onsite.Additionally,there exist differences in the understanding of the mechanism of emulsion breaking by the electric field of high water-cut produced fluid.Realizing the compactness of treatment equipment by the high-efficiency gravity sedimentation separation and precise demulsification by electric field based on multiple-field synergy is the development direction of water pre-separation technology in future.