黑龙江省餐厨垃圾处理产业发展对策与建议

Countermeasures and Suggestions of Kitchen Waste Disposal Industrial Development of Heilongjiang Province

随着城市化步伐的加快,餐厨垃圾的排放和处理问题已引起各方关注。通过对餐厨垃圾产业基本情况的分析,找出黑龙江省在餐厨垃圾处理中存在的问题,如餐厨垃圾处理设备的建设规模远远不能满足现有餐厨垃圾的处理需求;黑龙江省对生活垃圾分类、餐厨垃圾的收运与加工能力不足,对餐厨垃圾的分类和处理意识还有待提升。结合黑龙江省餐厨垃圾处理产业的特点,有针对性地提出餐厨垃圾处理的可操作性对策和发展建议,即:政府出台规划,加大政策引导及管控力度;建立分类收集、分类运输和分类处理的示范工程;加大相关领域科研经费的投入,进行有针对性的科研攻关;完善餐厨垃圾的收运体系,避免造成二次污染;推广家庭堆肥法,是大规模集中处理餐厨垃圾的一种补充,分解后形成的有机肥和液体可用于家庭环保和植物养殖。

With the speeding of urbanization,the discharge and disposal of kitchen waste has aroused attention from all parts.Through the analysis of the basic situation of kitchen waste disposal industrial development,we find the problems of kitchen waste disposal industrial development,such that the construction scale of kitchen waste disposal equipment is far from the disposal demand of current kitchen waste;the collection,transportation and processing capability of household waste classification and kitchen waste is not enough in Heilongjiang Province;and the classification and disposal consciousness of the kitchen waste needs promotion.Through combining with the characteristics of kitchen waste disposal industrial development of Heilongjiang Province,we propose operative countermeasures and development suggestions of kitchen waste disposal,i.e.government should issue planning and strengthen policy guidance and control;establish separate collection,transportation and disposal demonstration project;increase scientific research funds of relevant fields and do targeted scientific research;perfect kitchen waste collection and transportation system and avoid secondary contamination;promote family composting process,which is the supplement of large-scale centralized processing kitchen waste,and in which organic fertilizer and liquid after decomposition can be used for family environmental protection and plant cultivation.