摘要
离子液体在金属萃取分离方面的应用是目前研究的热点之一。与传统萃取剂相比,离子液体有许多优异的性能,如不易燃、低挥发性、蒸气压低和水溶性低等。季铵盐类离子液体还具有合成简单、成本低和毒性低等优点,是离子液体萃取分离金属离子的重要类型。概述了季铵盐类离子液体的种类,详细阐述了其在萃取分离稀土元素、放射性元素、稀散元素、重金属和过渡金属等的研究进展,并对未来研究方向进行了展望。
The application of ionic liquids(ILs)in metal extraction and separation is one of hot-topic research.Compared to conventional organic extractants,the ILs have many excellent properties of nonflammability,low volatility,negligible vapor pressure and low water solubility,etc.The quaternary-ammonium-salt-type ILs have the advantages of simple synthesis,low cost and low toxicity.Theyare an important type of ILs for extraction and separation of metal ions.The types and mechanism of the quaternary-ammonium-salt-type ILs were summarized.The research on extraction and separation of metals with these ILs was reviewed,including rare earth,radioactive elements,rare dispersed elements,heavy metals and transition metals.Their future research was proposed.
作者
曹飞
王威
魏德洲
CAO Fei;WANG Wei;WEI Dezhou(School of Resource and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China;Zhengzhou Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, CAGS, Zhengzhou 450006, China;Key Laboratory for Polymetallic Ores' Evaluation and Utilization, MNR, Zhengzhou 450006, China;Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Gold Resource in Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450006, China)
出处
《矿产保护与利用》
2020年第5期90-95,共6页
Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources
基金
国家自然科学基金(51504225)
中国地质调查项目(DD20190625)。
关键词
离子液体
季铵盐
萃取剂
稀土
重金属
过渡金属
ionic liquids
quaternary ammonium salt
extractant
rare earth
heavy metals
transition metals
