“画荻和丸”:唐宋科举家教下的母训书写

“Huadihuowan”:The Writing of Maternal Discipline under the Family Education Oriented by Imperial Examinations in Tang and Song Dynasties

母训是中国传统社会家庭教育的重要方式。唐宋推行科举考试以来,受到功利思想的影响,母亲也成为家庭科举教育的主要角色。特别是在男性缺位的单亲家庭,母训更是子辈学习科举的动力。在这些女性的训导下,子辈们大多能考取功名,并且很好地延续了家风。她们教育的方法和效果也得到了社会的认同,很多作品就真实地反映了母训在家庭科举教育中的作用,充分体现了古代女性社会角色的重要性。

Maternal discipline was an important mode of family education in traditional Chinese society.Since the implementation of imperial examinations in Tang and Song dynasties,under the influence of desire for fame and gain,mothers have also played a major role in family education oriented by imperial examinations.Especially in single parent families where male parents were absent,maternal discipline was the driving force for the children to learn for the imperial examinations.Under the discipline of these women,most of the younger generation was able to take official rank and continued the family tradition successfully.Their approach to education and the effects were socially acceptable.Quite a lot of works truly reflected the impact of maternal discipline in family education oriented by imperial examinations and the social role of women in ancient times.