密度和钾肥对鲜食型甘薯产量与品质的影响

Effects of Density and Potassium on Yieldand Quality of Edible Sweetpotato

密度和钾肥是甘薯栽培的主要影响因素,为研究鲜食型甘薯龙紫4号的最佳栽培密度和钾肥施用量。试验设置3种不同密度中施用不同钾肥,测定各处理下龙紫4号地上植株、底下薯块、可溶性糖、蔗糖、淀粉和花色苷等指标,分析密度和钾肥对甘薯地上部、地下部生长及营养品质的影响。结果表明:在密度D1、D2处理下,钾肥K1~K3浓度下,龙紫4号地上部鲜重和干重随着钾肥的增施而增加,在K4下降;D2K2处理的鲜薯和薯干的产量最高,分别为2447.98、648.83 kg/667 m 2;可溶性糖和蔗糖含量以D1K3处理的最高,淀粉含量以D1K1处理的最高,花色苷含量以D3K1处理的最高。低密度适量钾肥有利于龙紫4号可溶性糖和蔗糖的积累,低密度低钾肥有利于淀粉的积累,高密度低钾肥有利于花色苷的积累。

The planting Density and potassium fertilizer are the main influencing factors for sweet potato cultivation.In order to study the optimal cultivation density and potassium fertilizer application rate of edible sweet potato Longzi 4,three different densities were used to apply different potash fertilizers amount.The indexes of the plant growth,the storage root,the soluble sugar,the sucrose,the starch and the anthocyanin were measured,and the effects of density and potassium fertilizer on the plant growth and storage root and nutritional quality of sweet potato were analyzed.In density D1,D2 and potassium fertilizer K1~K3,the fresh weight of aboveground and dry matter content of aboveground of Longzi 4 increased with the increase of potassium fertilizer application,and decreased at K4.In the treatment of D2K2,fresh weight of storage root and dry weight of storage root were the highest,which were 2447.98 and 648.83 kg/667 m 2.The soluble sugar and sucrose contents were the highest at D1K3.The starch content was the highest at D1K1,and the anthocyanin content was the highest at D3K1.Low density and moderate potassium fertilizer were beneficial to the accumulation of soluble sugar and sucrose.Low density and low potassium fertilizer were beneficial to the accumulation of starch.High density and low potassium fertilizer was beneficial to the accumulation of anthocyanin.