具有避障及循迹功能的智能小车系统设计

Design of Intelligent Vehicle System Equipped with Obstacle Avoidance and Tracking

以STC12C5A60S2单片机为控制核心,设计了一款能够自动避障及循迹功能的智能小车。系统由单片机控制模块、电源及电机驱动模块、循迹模块及超声波模块组成。循迹模块采用8路循迹,通过8个反射式红外光电传感器对循迹线(黑线)进行检测,实现小车循迹功能。小车行进途中利用超声波模块测距,可检测前方是否存在障碍物,由单片机控制电机转向和速度,可实现避障功能。

Taking advantage of STC12C5A60S2 single chip microcomputer as the control core,the author designed an intelligent vehicle based on intelligent system that embraces functions of both obstacle avoidance and tracking.The system is made up of single chip microcomputer control module,power supply and motor drive module,tracking module and ultrasonic module.In terms of tracking module,there are 8 reflective infrared opto-electronic sensors to detect the tracking line(black line),thus to practically realize the tracking function of the car.Ultrasonic module for ranging during the tracking of the car can directly detect any potential obstacles in front and the steering as well as speed of the motor controlled by single chip microcomputer can achieve obstacle avoidance.