跨语言视角下哈尼语“来/去”的功能特征

The Functional Features of“Come/Go”of Hani Language from Cross-linguistic Perspective

哈尼语的“来”“去”在句法功能上的分布较为广泛,可以充当谓语、补语、体助词、受益格标记、祈使/命令式标记和主观性标记等句法成分。与藏缅语族其他亲属语言相比,哈尼语“来”“去”功能较为丰富,其背后的原因与语言类型有关,分析性越强的语言“来”“去”的功能相对较多。

“Lai”and“Qu”in Hani language are widely distributed in syntactic functions,and can serve as syntactic components such as predicate,complement,auxiliary word,benefit-case mark,imperative/command mark,and subjective mark.Compared with other relative languages of the Tibeto-Burman language,Hani language has richer functions of“lai”and“qu”.The reasons behind this are related to the language type,as the more analytical the language is,the richer“come”and“go”functions it tends to be.