清末贵胄法政学堂研究——基于清朝军机处、内阁、宗人府档案的考察

Research on the School of Law and Politics for Aristocracy in Late Qing Dynasty--Based on the Archives of the Military Aircraft Department,Cabinet and Zong Renfu in Qing Dynasty

贵胄法政学堂是继陆军贵胄学堂之后另一个新式满清贵胄教育机构,1907年动议,1909年成立。在成立以及办学过程中,以宝熙、毓朗为代表的满清贵族有识之士起到了推动作用。该学堂对符合条件的宗室贵胄子弟实行强制入学,从宗人府档案来看,各王公门上、八旗各族基本上按照要求把本族内符合入学条件的子弟送进学堂,也有一些不必入学的子弟主动入学。与当时的其他法政类学堂相比,有自己的特点,特别是经费方面,相对充足。学堂虽然在顶层设计、经费保障等方面让朝廷高层煞费苦心,然而终究昙花一现,招生了两年,随着清朝灭亡而解散。

School of law and Politics for Aristocracy proposed in 1907 and established in 1909 was another new-type educational agency for manchu aristocracy since the School of Land Force for Aristocracy.In the process of establishment and school running,the people of insight of the aristocracy of Manchu,represented by Baoxi and Yulang,played a role in promoting.There was compulsory enrollment for the member of the patriarchal nobility.Based on the archives of Zong Renfu,the people satisfying entrance conditions in every prince family and Eight Banners were almost enrolled in the school.some people who did not need to enter the school were enrolled on their own initiative.Compared with other law and politics schools at that time,they had their own characteristics,especially in terms of funds,which were relatively sufficient.Although the school has made the top management of the court painstaking in terms of top-level design and funding guarantees,it was short-lived,and enrolled students for two years.By the end,it was dismissed with the demise of Qing Dynasty.