论分析型语言研究法的构建

On the Construction of Analytical Language Research

研究语言必须解决使用什么眼光的方法论问题,研究汉藏语必须要有"分析型"眼光。文中通过实例说明分析型眼光对汉藏语研究是有效的,不仅有助于发现、描写共时的特点和规律,还有助于发现、解释汉藏语的语言演变规律。本文还从语言研究的三个认知维度,即共性和个性的关系、模仿和创新的关系、隐性和显性的关系,论证构建分析型语言方法论的重要性和必要性,并进而论述构建分析型语言研究法的四个要点:完善分析型语言的概念;多角度、多方法地发掘分析型语言的个性;增强对分析型语言的敏锐性;充分利用我国丰富的分析型语言资源发展我国的语言学。文中还强调在语言研究中必须防止不看语言类型特点的生搬硬套。

This paper believes that the study of language must solve the methodological problem of what perspective to adopt,and proposes that the study of Sino-Tibetan language must adopt an"analytical"perspective.Through listing examples,the article explains the effectiveness of"analytical"perspective towards Sino-Tibetan language research,which can benefit the discovery and description of the characteristics and rules of synchronicity,and also benefit the discovery and explanation of the evolution of Sino-Tibetan language.From three cognitive perspectives,namely universality and individuality,imitation and innovation,explicitness and implicitness,it demonstrates the importance and necessity of constructing analytical linguistic study methodology.Four main points are further discussed as follows:establishment and improvement of analytical languages;exploration of analytical languages’individualities with multiple perspectives;enhancement of sensitivity to analytical languages and developing linguistic study in China by fully taking advantage of our abundant analytical language resources.It is emphasized that mechanical applications without considering typological linguistic features must be avoided in language study.