民族心理距离视域下铸牢中华民族共同体意识的路径研究

Influence of Ethnic Psychological Distance on the Community Consciousness of the Chinese Nation

通过对铸牢中华民族共同体意识的相关文献进行梳理,笔者发现以意识的主观能动性为切入点的探讨尚不充分。为此,特在"民族心理距离"的理论视角下,分析如何通过缩短各民族之间的心理距离而铸牢中华民族共同体意识。分别从时间距离、社会距离、空间距离、概率距离四个方面,探究民族心理距离与中华民族共同体意识之间的关系,进而提出了如下四条培育中华民族共同体意识的有效路径:第一,历史记忆和宣传导向是各民族间时间距离产生的原因,为此要追溯共同历史记忆,重视民族需求差异;第二,认知偏差和社会公平是各民族间社会距离产生的原因,为此要提倡各民族发挥印象管理作用,注重社会发展公平;第三,居住格局和边界意识是各民族间空间距离产生的原因,为此要引导各民族成员合理归因,多渠道打破空间壁垒;第四,语言障碍和群际接触是各民族间概率距离产生的原因,为此要重视通用语言使用以及非语言交流,增加民族曝光频率。

The sense of community of the Chinese nation is the foundation of ethnic solidarity and national unity.It is necessary to fully play promote the subjective initiative of the Chinese nation’s community consciousness.From the point of view of ethnic psychological distance,this paper clarifies the relationship between the consciousness of the Chinese national community and the distance of time,society,space and probability,and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to cultivate the consciousness of the Chinese national community from four aspects of ethnic psychological distance.First,shortening the time distance should review the common historical memory and pay attention to the current needs of the ethnic group;second,shortening the social distance should promote the use of impression management strategies and pay attention to social equity;third,shortening the space distance should lead to the rational attribution of the pattern of inter-ethnic embedding,and break the space barrier through multiple channels;fourth,shortening the probability distance should pay attention to the use of national lingua franca and non-verbal forms,and increase the exposure frequency of all ethnic groups.