兴边富民行动20年政策实施效果评价及展望研究——基于陆地边境140个县域经济的调查

Evaluation and Prospect of Policy Implementation in 20 Years of Action for Vitalizing the Border Area and Enriching People——Survey Based on the Land Border Economy in 140 Counties

为了实现"富民、兴边、强国、睦邻"的目标,兴边富民行动专项规划于2000年应运而生。经历了20年三个五年规划,兴边富民行动的成效如何、未来如何继续推进,这成为亟需回应的现实问题。本文从兴边富民行动政策梳理出发,基于边境地区140个边境县市的经济社会发展指标,评估分析了兴边富民行动的总体效果。研究发现,兴边富民行动高质量地完成了既定目标任务,有效促进了边境地区经济社会发展、民生改善和民族团结;同时,兴边富民行动还极大地助力了同时期国家在西部地区、民族地区的战略和倡议,实现了与西部大开发、脱贫攻坚、扶持人口较少民族发展、"一带一路"倡议等多项国家战略和倡议的协同与互动。但是,边境地区实现现代化发展仍任重而道远,"十四五"规划时期,兴边富民行动要明确政策具体目标、加大民生投入、强化机遇意识、做好政策协同等,以兴边富民行动为着力点,更好地推进"中华民族共同体"建设。

In order to realize the goal of"enriching the people,vitalizing the border,strengthening the country and forming friendly neighbor relations",the special plan for the action of vitalizing the border and enriching the people was initiated in 2000.After two decades,how effective and how to continue to promote the action of vitalizing the border and enriching people remains a practical issue be answered.Based on reviewing the vitalizing border and enriching people policies,and the economic and social development index of 140 border counties and cities in border area,this paper evaluates and analyzes the overall effect of the action.The study found that the action has accomplished its original targets with high quality and has effectively promoted economic and social development,livelihood improvement and national unity in border areas.At the same time,it has greatly contributed to the strategies and initiatives of the countries in the western region and the ethnic areas in the same period,and has realized the synergy and interaction with many national strategies and initiatives,such as the great development of the western region,poverty alleviation,supporting the development of the less-populated ethnic groups,and the"Belt and Road"initiative.However,there is still a long way to go to realize the modernization of border areas.During the 14 th Five-Year Plan period,actions to promote the prosperity of the people along the border should clarify specific objectives of policies,increase investment in people’s livelihood,strengthen awareness of opportunities,and make good policy coordination,so as to focus on actions to promote the prosperity of the people in the border area and better promote the construction of the"community of the Chinese nation".