论中国少数民族语言资源保护可持续精进路径

On the Sustainable and Progressive Approach to Protect Ethnic Language Resources in China

中国语言资源保护工程一期以其空前的规模、先进的理念、现代化技术手段等时代性特征,获得了丰硕的成果,并产生了广泛的国际影响。当下,该工程一期顺利收官,二期蓄势待发。基于一期以规范性、统一性为主要原则所采集的语料资源,如何在二期开展对这些语料资源的精准保护与深度开发应用等议题业已提到议事日程。本文依据一期少数民族语言调研专项任务的工作实践与相关调查数据,兼顾少数民族语言资源复杂性、多样性、不平衡性等特点,主张在中国语言资源保护工程二期乃至"后语保"时期秉持"可持续发展"的理念继续推进后续工作,其理据如下:首先,符合联合国教科文组织首个以"语言多样性"为主题的永久性重要文件——《岳麓宣言》的基本思想,以及其长期极力倡导的维护世界范围内语言与文化多样性格局的核心理念;其次,有利于贯彻和落实党和政府制定的"科学保护各民族语言文字"的英明决策;第三,符合我国少数民族语言国情。文章认为,以"可持续发展"为切入点的设计思路,可为制定精准的"科学规划",构建"统筹管理"的创新机制,寻求"跨界合作"的最佳方式,落实"同步实施"的科学方案提供基本导向,并可以做到点面兼顾,多元并举,逐步实现少数民族语言可持续发展、精准保护、梯次开发、合理应用的远期目标。

With its unprecedented scale,advanced ideas,modern technical means and other characteristics of the present times,the first phase of Chinese language resources protection project has achieved unprecedented and fruitful results and has made extensive international influence.As the first phase fulfilled,the second phase is to start soon.On the basis of the corpus resources collected in the first phase based on the principle of standardization and unity,how to carry out the precise protection and deep development and application of language resources in the second phase has been put on the agenda.Based on the work practice and relevant survey data of the special task of ethnic language research in the first phase,as well as taking into account the characteristics of ethnic language resources such as complexity,diversity and imbalance,this paper proposes to adopt the strategy of"sustainable development"in the second phase of China’s language resource protection project and even the"post-language protection period".The rationale is as follows:First,it conforms to the basic idea of the Declaration on the Foothills,the first permanent important document of UNESCO with the theme of"Linguistic Diversity",as well as the core idea of maintaining the pattern of linguistic and cultural diversity in the world;Secondly,it is conducive to the implementation of the wise decision of"Scientific Protection of All Ethnic Languages"formulated by the party and the government;Thirdly,it conforms to the domestic conditions of ethnic languages in China.The article believes that the idea of taking"sustainable development"as an entry point,can provide basic guidance for the following four aspects:making accurate scientific planning,formulating the innovation mechanism of overall management,seeking the best way for"cross sector"cooperation,and providing basic guidance for implementing"synchronous implementation"of the scientific program.While at the same time,it can achieve the integrated and multiple simultaneous development,and gradually achieve the sustainable development of precise ethnic language protection,gradual development,and reasonable application of the remote goal.