饲粮精粗比对早期断奶藏羔羊生长性能及肠道组织形态的影响

Effect of diet concentrate to roughage ratio on growth performance and intestinal tissue morphology of early weaned Tibetan lamb

试验旨在研究不同精粗比饲粮对早期断奶藏羔羊生长性能及肠道组织形态的影响。选择体况相近且健康的3月龄藏羔羊210只,随机分为7组,每组30只,分别饲喂精粗比为80:20、70:30、60:40、50:50、40:60、30:70和20:80的饲粮,预试期10 d,正式试验期90 d。结果表明:试验各阶段内饲喂精粗比为80:20和70:30饲粮藏羔羊的体重显著高于饲喂40:60、30:70和20:80饲粮组(P<0.05),60:40组羔羊总采食量最高;随着精料比例降低,料重比有降低的趋势;70:30组羔羊经济效益最佳;精料比例过低会降低羔羊的生长性能及经济效益。饲粮中精饲料比例增加,可对藏羔羊小肠绒毛长度、宽度和小肠肌层、黏膜厚度产生显著影响(P<0.05),过高的精粗比(80:20)抑制肠道绒毛、肌层及黏膜的发育;藏羔羊肠道隐窝深度与饲粮中粗饲料比例呈正相关。在试验条件下,早期断奶藏羔羊饲喂精粗比为70:30时,经济效益及其肠道形态表现最佳。

The study was to explore the effect of dietary concentrate to roughage ratios on the growth performance and intestinal tissue morphology of early-weaned Tibetan lamb.210 healthy lambs aged at three months were randomly divided into seven groups with 30 lambs per group.Each group randomly accepted a concentrate to roughage ratio of 80:20,70:30,60:40,50:50,40:60,30:70 or 20:80.The pre-experiment period was 10 d,and experiment period lasted for 90 d.The results showed that during each test period,the body weight gains of the 80:20 group and 70:30 group were significantly higher than that of 40:60,30:70 and 20:80 group(P<0.05),the total intake of the 60:40 group was the highest,and the feed to gain ratio tented to decrease with the decrease of concentrate proportion.The economic efficiency of the 70:30 group was the optimum,and low level of concentrate proportion could decreased growth performance and economic efficiency.The increase of concentrate ratio had significant effect on villus length,villus width,muscularis thickness,mucous membrane thickness(P<0.05),and too high concentrate level inhibited the development of villi,mucosa and muscularis of small intestine.Intestinal crypt depth of Tibetan lamb showed very strong positive correlations with roughage ratio.Under the experimental conditions,when the early-weaned Tibetan lamb was fed with a ratio of 70:30,the economic efficiency and intestinal morphology was the optimum.