手术治疗骶尾部藏毛疾病的现状与进展

Surgical treatments of sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus disease:current status and progress

藏(潜)毛疾病是一种多发于骶尾部皮下软组织的慢性囊肿或窦道,因在我国发病率低、误诊率高,同时具有复发率高、并发症多等特点,越来越受到临床医生的关注。目前藏毛疾病最有效的治疗手段是手术治疗,术者往往需要根据病情作大范围的组织切除。随着非中线缝合的手术效果被广泛认可,皮瓣成形技术在藏毛疾病治疗中的作用越发重要。文章回顾了藏毛疾病的特点和治疗方法,重点叙述了手术治疗的应用现状与进展,总结了部分文献的研究成果,以期为临床医生提供更为合理有效的治疗建议。

Pilonidal sinus disease(PSD)is mostly located beneath the skin of the sacrococcygeal region,which is usually present as the sinus or cyst with inflammation.It is prevalent in Europe and North American except Asia.With the high misdiagnosis and recurrence rates,and postoperative complications,more and more attention has been drawn to the diagnosis and treatment.However,the gold standard for PSD treatment has not yet been established.Compared with the non-surgical procedures,there is a consensus that operative treatment is an efficient method.Moreover,surgical flaps such as Limberg flap,Dufourmentel flap,and Karydakis flap play a crucial part in therapy.This review introduced the features of PSD,therapeutic principles and methods,mainly reviewed the current status and progress of surgical treatments,summarized the recent research achievements to give clinicians thoughtful and practical advice.